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Kidney cancer Written by Ivan Jurchenko on January 14th 2010 at 7:07 pm
Kidney cancer frequency is about 2-3 percentages among the all of the oncological diseases. Kidney tumors are usually malignant. Benign tumors appears much more rarely. Kidney tumors are divided into two parts : tumors of the renal parenchyma and of the renal pelvis. Tumors of the renal parenchyma are divided into benign, malignant and metastases. And tumors of the renal pelvis are divided into benign and malignant. The benign tumors of the renal parenchyma include fibroma, adenoma, lipoma, leiomyoma, hemangioma and dermoid cyst. And malignant tumors of the renal parenchyma include adenocarcinoma, sarcoma and a Wilms' tumor. Benign tumors of the renal pelvis include papilloma and endometrioma. And malignant tumors of the renal pelvis include papillary carcinoma, epidermoid cancer and sarcoma. Fibroma is a tumor which is located on the surface of the kidney. It usually has a white colour, dense consistency, not a large size and a spherical shape. Fibroma usually progresses oligosymptomatically. Hemangioma is not a large tumor, it characterised by a red colour, soft consistency. It is frequently bleeding and it is easily traumatizing. It is located under the renal capsule . Lymphangioma is a tumor which has a cavernous structure. The maximal size is 2-3 centimetres. Adenoma has a hoary colour,dense consistency it is located under the fibrous capsule. It has a conjunctive tissue capsule. It usually progresses oligosymptomatically. It can regenerate into malignant tumor. Dermoid cyst occurs very rarely. Epidemiology of the kidney cancer The men are down with a kidney cancer more frequently than women. The illness is the highest between 40-60 years. The frequency is about 2-3 percentages. Etiology of the kidney cancer The causes of the kidney cancer are not entirely investigated . The kidney cancer is rather polyetiologic cancer. The main known etiological factors are: 1.Gormonal disbalance - there are to many oestrogen in the organism. 2.Radial energy. 3.The chemical substance that is called antraehinolin. Pathologic anatomy Malignant tumors usually have a spheric or oval shape, soft consistency, the size variates from the several millimetres to 15-20 centimetres. Malignant tumors are not locospecifical. During the tumor growth the fibrous capsule stretches and kidney become bigger in it's size. It is significant for the kidney cancer that tumor extends the renal and cava inferior veins. Lymphogenous and hematogenous ways of dissemination are typical for kidney cancer. Metastases has an osteolytic character. The lymphogenous metastases are usually detected in para-aortic, paracaval lymph nodes and the nodes of the renal hilum. Classification of the kidney cancer TNM classification of the kidney cancer
Clinical picture of the kidney cancer The symptoms of the kidney cancer are: 1.Lack of appetite. 2.Loss of weight. 3.Somnipathy. 4.High fever - about 20-30% of the patients. 5.Anemia or polycythemia (erythrocytosis). 6. Arterial hypertension. The local symptoms are: 1.Hematuria. 2.Pain. 3.Palpable tumor.
Diagnostics of the kidney cancer 1.Clinical picture (very important are hematuria, pain and palpable tumor). 2.Anemia, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). 3.Radiological methods (excretory urography, arteriography and venography).
Treatment of the kidney cancer The main method of radical treatment is a surgical method. The operation is a nephrectomy. There is possible a resection of the kidney but the indications for it are not numerous. The kidney tumors are insensible to cytostatic agents. But there are information that there is a better effect of using the chemotherapy. Source : http://www.medmodern.com |
Kidney cancer frequency and general characteristic